Relationship of genotype to phenotype in genomics. Relationship status: complicated.

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Relationship of genotype to phenotype in genomics. Relationship status: complicated. Indeed!

#BigDataChat In cpt-based art.life there is no distinction between genetic sequence of genotype of the manufactured organism & its phenotype
— CATHERINE COSTE (@cathcoste) January 15, 2014

#BigDataChat Interested in the the relationship of genotype to phenotype in #genomics. Relationship status: complicated ;-)
— CATHERINE COSTE (@cathcoste) January 15, 2014

PHENOTYPE: This is the "outward, physical manifestation" of the organism. These are the physical parts, the sum of the atoms, molecules, macromolecules, cells, structures, metabolism, energy utilization, tissues, organs, reflexes and behaviors; anything that is part of the observable structure, function or behavior of a living organism.

GENOTYPE: This is the "internally coded, inheritable information" carried by all living organisms. This stored information is used as a set of instructions for building and maintaining a living creature. These instructions are found within almost all cells (the "internal" part), they are written in a coded language (the genetic code), they are copied at the time of cell division or reproduction and are passed from one generation to the next ("inheritable"). These instructions are intimately involved with all aspects of the life of a cell or an organism. They control everything from the formation of protein macromolecules, to the regulation of metabolism and synthesis.

(Source).

Craig Venter: "Life at the Speed of Light":

"In computer-based artificial life there is no distinction between the genetic sequence or genotype of the manufactured organism and its phenotype, the physical expression of that sequence. In the case of a living cell, the DNA code is expressed in the form of RNA, proteins and cells, which form all of the physical substances of life. Artificial life systems quickly run out of steam, because genetic possibilities within a computer model are not open-ended but predefined. Unlike in the biological world, the outcome of computer evolution is built into its programming.

In science, the fields of chemistry, biology, and computing have come together successfully in my own discipline of genomics. Digital computers designed by DNA machines (humans) are now used to read the coded instructions in DNA, to analyze them and to write them in such a way as to create new kinds of DNA machines (synthetic life)."